It is a well known fact that Java as a programming language set off a new paradigm in the software industry. Suddenly, every software programmer worth his salt was amidst software jargons like ‘Platform-Independence’, ‘Cross-Platform-Deployment’ and ‘The Java Virtual Machine’. In fact, it did not take long for Java to usurp the ‘most sought after status’ from many software languages, and become the most preferred tool for creating software; especially software for the web. As the recent trends in the industry show, Java is set to achieve an undeniable position as the most preferred software programming language for a long time to come. It is indeed Java’s credit that many prominent vendors who tried to emulate the capacities of Java, failed miserably in the endeavor.

The importance of Java in the software scenario has led to another major trend. Software vendors are either rewriting their existing products in Java, or are creating new products exclusively or partially in Java. This has led many analysts to question the need to port already existing applications to Java. While the prospects of porting small or medium sized software to Java may not attract concern, it assumes significance when we consider porting existing databases that could be handling millions of sensitive blocks of information. Similarly, experts also have to decide between deploying reputed databases, and new databases that have been entirely developed in Java, in their organizations. Analysts have to answer many pertinent questions like: What are the advantages of a Java RDBMS that would compel my company to switch to it? Would it be cost effective to change to an RDBMS that has all the advantages of Java? Would the costs involved in porting millions of existing records justify the perceived performance and scalability features of the Java RDBMS? How secure would be the new RDBMS? What is the learning curve that has to be tackled by the staff who may be assigned to this database? In fact, there are a host of questions that a concerned technical head may ask himself before taking that all important decision to switch to a Java RDBMS. Let’s try finding out some of the answers.

What are the advantages of a Java RDBMS?

OK, so we all know that Java is set to capture, or has already captured a sizeable chunk of the software market. However, how does that justify the use of a Java Database? After all, is not Java theoretically capable of integrating with any database? What advantages can be afforded by a Java RDBMS?

Well the answer is quite simple. Java RDBMS has, or supports, the much sought after qualities of Java, which is the most important reason to switch to it. Some of the Java RDBMS already available in the markets answers the immediate concerns of the Technical Lead in the most persuasive manner. For example, Daffodil DB, an RDBMS written in Java, considers the following as its core strengths:

Multiple Platform Portability

Small Size

Java Stored Procedures

Transparent to End User

Zero Administration Efforts

Some of these features are worth a second look.

One RDBMS, multiple avatars

Java RDBMS not only offers the advantages of Java, but also introduces new concepts that can revolutionize database programming techniques. For a start, the much famed portability of Java is the core strength of a Java RDBMS. Now, you don’t have to buy different RDBMS for different platforms within the same enterprise. Other than the cost factors, the biggest advantage such an arrangement can give is that in-house code need not be redesigned for different platforms. By standardizing the database that is used, programs working across platforms can interact transparently and effectively. Project managers would vouch that portability, synchronization and customization effort for software running on different platforms are some of the most time consuming and tension filled activities in the office. Now all these activities can be easily implemented with the Java RDBMS in its rightful place.

Store and use those procedures with abandon

Security buffs within the enterprise would always throw a tantrum when dealing with stored procedures. Traditionally, the implementation of stored procedures had been the responsibility of the specific application vendor, and most of them could crash the whole database due to internal errors, rendering precious time and money waste. Java stored procedures with its inbuilt security features is the new fad of security administrators who are finding it powerful, fast, and very safe. Java does not implement Pointers, and so is a safe bet for developers to write secure code and procedures. In addition, with the JVM overlooking all the activities (the sandbox approach), there is no scope for external access that could jeopardize mission critical enterprise applications.

Transparent to End User

Java technologies have always been in the forefront to give us seamless transparent applications with inbuilt security features being given the utmost importance. In a Java RDBMS, database components can be embedded in applications, and they can perform complex tasks without user intervention. In addition, the user need not know the complexities of the database because the embedded database components will do all the work for him without him even knowing about it. This allows the user to concentrate on his tasks rather than configuring databases, which is an auxiliary requirement. In addition, other routine activities like starting the server and repetitive configuring of the database can also be avoided. Perhaps the biggest advantage that Java RDBMS offers is that the user need not weigh the pros and cons about choosing a database vendor. This is because Java RDBMS being extremely portable can seamlessly integrate with almost all platforms, and the embedded components will handle all the chores of integrating with different vendor software. Java RDBMS can also be seamlessly operated across multiple platforms without the need to configure the database for each and every operating system.

Zero Administration Efforts

Java RDBMS comes in with zero administration efforts, which means that once installed and configured, your clients need not change their settings to suit new changes that you make in your database. Java RDBMS also does away with, or considerably reduces, the role of the Database Administrator because of its self-managed features, and its extremely scalable mode of operation.

If you have not thought of it yet, it is a good time to think about Java RDBMS. The time is not far away when the databases industry will be greatly influenced by the power and functionality of Java RDBMS.

By: Parveen Aggarwal

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Create a video blog

The success of newer BlackBerry models like the Pearl, Curve, Bold and Storm have allowed RIM (Research in Motion) to penetrate the consumer smartphone market and go head-to-head with the Apple iPhone as an application platform. If you’ve been ignoring the BlackBerry platform because it was too Enterprise-focused for your applications, it might be time to specifically target the BlackBerry. Here’s how you get started.

It’s Java Time

BlackBerry development for all recent models is done exclusively in Java. So if you’re not a strong Java programmer, now’s the time to brush up on your Java programming skills. (C# programmers will find the transition to Java fairly simple, the languages are very close in most respects.) Don’t learn about the newest Java features, however, because the BlackBerry platform is built on top of Java Micro Edition (Java ME), which is itself a derivative of Java version 1.3. So forget all the fancy (but useful) language features introduced in Java 1.5 — generics, enumerations, and so on — you can’t use these in BlackBerry programming. You can’t also use most of the library classes you’re familiar with — they’re just not there. A small subset of the Java Standard Edition (Java SE) classes are supported, as well as a number of BlackBerry-specific classes.

Java Micro Edition?

Once you’ve brushed up on your Java, you need to spend a bit of time understanding the Java ME platform, which was formerly known as Java 2 Micro Edition, or J2ME for short. You need to understand the concepts of configurations and profiles, and in particular the CLDC and MIDP standards. You’ll find lots of information about these in various books and on Sun’s Java development site.

The BlackBerry Platform

After learning about Java ME, it’s time to explore the BlackBerry platform. The BlackBerry platform is based on the CLDC and includes support for MIDP 2.0. However, a large number of BlackBerry-specific classes are also provided. Which brings you to the first question you’ll face: are you going to write a BlackBerry application or a MIDP application? In a MIDP application you’re constrained to only use the APIs exposed by the CLDC and MIDP standards. Your application will run on the BlackBerry and on most cellphones, but it won’t be able to use any of the BlackBerry’s special features. You can use any MIDP-compatible development tool, such as the Sun Java Wireless Toolkit for CLDC (formerly known as the J2ME Wireless Toolkit), to create your applications.

Most application developers opt to build BlackBerry-specific applications. This means learning the BlackBerry-specific APIs — including new user interface classes — and using the BlackBerry Java Development Environment (JDE) to develop your applications. The JDE, which is free to download, works with the standard Java Software Development Kit and provides you with all the tools necessary to create, package, test and debug BlackBerry applications. You don’t even need a BlackBerry handheld, because the JDE includes a full-featured BlackBerry device simulator. A complete set of JavaDocs is provided that describes all the classes and interfaces available to programmers.

After downloading and installing the JDE, you’ll want to read the developer’s guides that come with the JDE and look at the sample applications that are shipped with it. Then start your development by writing a few simple applications to get a feel for the BlackBerry APIs and the tools.

Get A BlackBerry Handheld

Although you can develop and test your applications for free, at some point you’ll need to run the application on an actual BlackBerry handheld. This will cost you money, of course, and so it’s not something you’ll want to do until you’re serious about writing BlackBerry applications. On-device testing is crucial to ensuring that the application works correctly, because the simulator is not a perfect emulation system.

If you’re truly serious about BlackBerry application development, consider also joining one of the BlackBerry developer programs for additional support and early access to new devices and APIs. You should also explore RIM’s other BlackBerry developer resources. There are also third-party forums and books available to help you learn the BlackBerry platform.

Conclusion

BlackBerry programming is not hard if you know some Java and you understand the constraints and limitations of the underlying Java ME platform. You have to learn a new set of APIs and use new development tools, but in the end it’s just another kind of Java programming.

By: Eric Giguere

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Website content

Semantic Web Languages can be a useful programming tool, and be used for creation and editing of E-Learning objects (Stutt and Motta, 2004). For enabling User Driven Programming, it’s necessary to experiment with using Semantic Web Languages as programming languages. The two main approaches that can be used are:-

Option 1 – To put all the data in Semantic Web languages e.g XML (eXtensible Markup Language) (W3C, 2007a), SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) (W3C, 2007c), RDF/XML (Resource Description Framework) (W3C, 2007b), OWL (Web Ontology Language) (Bechhofer and Carrol, 2004), and then display them using a programming language such as Flash, or Java (applets) – (Hale, 2007a).

Option 2 – To use the above languages as meta languages for actual programming – (Hale, 2007b).

It is also possible to use aspects of both approaches, such as to program mainly in Semantic Web languages, then add some extra interactive capabilities using JavaScript. It is becoming increasingly practical to program completely in the Semantic Web languages (option 1). These languages enable declarative programming, where we tell the computer what we want to do, and a translation is performed either using languages such as JavaScript or Java, or into JavaScript or Java. This is different from the AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) approach, which is more like option 1.

The advantages of this (option 2) form of declarative programming are that we can use a language that is at a much higher level of abstraction, closer to the way people think. It’s possible to create these programs by editing them in Protege (ontology editor) and using a translator to convert them to whatever code is needed. This makes it possible to perform visual programming in a meta language (OWL) Web Ontology Language (option 2), without needing to worry about how it’s implemented. The possibilities for this are that it becomes sufficiently intuitive, so that people can eventually create their own software for a wide variety of tasks, in a point and click way and using similar tools to web page editors. This would enable anyone who is computer literate to program the computer themselves to do their tasks, and if this is of interest to others, they can release their solution over the web.

Technologies such as XForms (Bruchez, 2006), XQuery (W3C, 2007e), and SPARQL (W3C, 2007d) make it possible to provide the sort of collaborative interactivity that Tim Berners-Lee calls ‘Intercreativity’ in Weaving the Web (Berners-Lee, 1999). In this book he also discussed the use of Semantic Web Languages as programming languages. He makes the point that it isn’t the power of the language that is important in providing this intercreativity. The simplicity of a language such as RDF makes it easier to provide interconnected solutions to complex problems, without becoming bogged down with the complexity of the language itself, and interoperability problems. Tim Berners-Lee sums up the advantage of a Semantic Web program over programs in other languages. He writes “The advantage of putting the rules in RDF is that in doing so, all the reasoning is exposed, whereas a program is a black box: you don’t see what happens inside it.” If these rules are also visualised, they are exposed to everyone, including non-programmers.

These advances make it practical to develop a high level visual interface that can allow people to develop open source, open standard, interoperable programs and share them. This can allow the development of open source communities similar to those developing software currently, but only requiring the level of skill it takes to get started in visual collaboration tools such as MySpace.
In Weaving the Web Tim Berners-Lee writes “The Semantic Web, like the Web already, will make many things previously impossible just obvious”. Visual Semantic Web programming is one of those obvious things.

References

Bechhofer, S., Carrol, J., 2004. Parsing owl dl: trees or triples?. In: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web, NY, USA, pp 266-275.

Berners-Lee, T., Fischetti, M., 1999. Weaving the Web. Harper San Francisco; Paperback: ISBN:006251587X – http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/Weaving/.

Hale, P., 2007. http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~phale/Flash/FlashHCI.htm.

Hale, P., 2007. http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/SparMenu.html.

Stutt, A., Motta, E., 2004. Semantic Learning Webs. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2004 (10). Special Issue on the Educational Semantic Web. ISSN:1365-893X – http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/2004/10.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2007. Extensible Markup Language (XML) http://www.w3.org/XML/.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2007. Resource Description Framework (RDF) http://www.w3.org/RDF/.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2007. Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) XML Graphics for the Web http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2006. SPARQL Query Language for RDF http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2006. XQuery 1.0: An XML Query Language http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/.

By: Peter Hale

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Web programming is a general term used for any development work for an Internet or World Wide Web. In the mid 1990s, web programming has been one of the top industries worldwide. There were over a thousand of web development companies in 1995 however it rises up to more or less 30000 companies by 2005. It is expected to grow more this year increasing 25% or more. As regard to the increasing number of programming companies, the cost of Web site modification is has depreciated dramatically this time. But, people still accept jobs like this because of its high demands in the society. Web tools include Java Platform, Enterprise Edition technologies and Microsoft.NET to enable the Web to bridge the application running online. Web programming entails computer programming of internet languages, designs and a lot of web technicalities.

Web Programming Language
Each programming task requires available and suitable language. There are several languages that can be used in computer programming. No single language can dominate the Web scenario. Java is both generally suitable and available but not all would likely to choose it over other languages. HTML is the simple language understood by every WWW clients. This can operate under windows, Mac or Unix workstation.

Website Design
How will your web works matters with how good it is designed and programmed. Latest technologies are used by experts for fast and functional and websites with great appearance. New designs provide animations, flashes and imagery that are interesting. However, web programmers are not yet satisfied with what they created last year and continue to modify to deliver quick and beautiful web style.

Advantages
Development of modern technology can save time and effort. Through electronic payment, printing capabilities, information gathering and browsing for new trends are only a click or two. Through web programs, everything is easy and available. Money is also saved through rise of web programs. Software and servers are available in low cost with free trials, required support licensing and updates. Electronic submissions, scheduling support and other time and money consuming works before have no extra charges and long time processing. Communication is also another plus point for programming. Instead doing executable code on a computer, through web, users interact using online applications to make new content. This allows opportunities to transfer information from one server to another. Fun sites such as Facebook and Twitter make people connect globally. There are a lot of features like games, blog and chat for entertainment and convenience.

By: Saso Pogorelc

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Caffeinated Content – Members-Only Content for WordPress

The java programming language is becoming more and more popular each day. It is the language without which one cannot even hope to a land a job these
days. But has somebody even wondered how this language came about? There are many stories about, many books have been written. Here is my version (not approved by Sun Microsystems).

The java programming language originated in Indonesia. It was meant to be used
by the tourists that visit that country each year. Why would tourists want to use computer? Well, these are no ordinary tourists. They are rich tourists. Have
they not been rich, they would not travel half way around the world to visit this
place. Most people would be content to see just what is available near by. For
example, if you are a texan living in Dallas, you will visit the stockyards or may be the
trinity river park. If you live in New Orleans area, you would see st. mary’s
bayou. Once in your lifetime, one will probably visit Hawaii or Niagara. But
going to Indonesia and its islands, Bali, Java, etc is not for the ordinary
people. Anyway, coming back to the question why these tourists need to use
computer programs. They go there not just to have fun and also get some work
done in a fun atmosphere as these people are very important people.

From the very start java was supposed to be computer independent. That means if
you write a program in java in one computer, it should run in all computers.
This was necessary because tourists bring all kinds of computers with them.
Some bring
Windows machine, some Apple mackintosh. Some of the affluent ones bring
Sun server workstations or even a super computer.

Before starting to create java they also sought to see if there have similar
stuff done already. Even though they could find none, they found they can use
lots of feature from some existing laguages. One such language they found was C++. C++ was an advancement over the language called C. In fact, ideas of
C++ was already hidden in C. In that language, one can increment a variable,
say i, by applying the ++ operator e.g. i++. This would increase the value of
the variable i by one. If i had a value of 5, it would make it 6, etc.
What a vision!

Anyway, coming back to C++, it made an important advancement over C by introducing the idea of a class. To understand class, one has to undestand
structure which was already used in C. The structure is a group of variables.
For example, you have a name, an address, age etc. for any person. In stead of
using them separately, in C one can group them together and call it a person.
The creator of C++ said there is no need to expose these variables (name, address, etc) to the outside world. They said these details should be hidden
from the outside world. They called this concept encapsulation.

Another important
contribution of C++ was the concept of inheritence. This concept can be best
explained by example. Let’s go back to the example of the person. A person is
very general concept. There can be many different kinds of persons, e.g doctors,
lawyers, teachers, or just a bum! But each of these people have a name, an address, age etc. Even a bum has all these. The creator of C++ thought one can
define a base class call person and other classes can be derived from it. In
plain english, this would mean, a doctor is special kind of person, lawyer is
another special kind of person. Now the common attributes of all these kinds of people can be put in
the person class and special attributes can be put in the derived classes, e.g.
hospital for the doctor, court for the lawyer, and nothing for the bum.

But C++ was still complex with things like pointers, memory leak and multiple
inheritence. The pointer
concept was taken from C and it was very messy! The pointer is special type of variable
that points to other variables. Since there was no guidelines as to how to use
these pointers, it was very easy loose track of them. In a typical two thousand lines program, one would frequently end up with hundredes of pointers pointing
to thousands, some of them are pointers and some just plain variables. Needless
to say this made a large program extremely difficult to read and when the
programmer left for another company, they would have no other choice than
to just throw away his program! It was sometimes necessary to do this even
when the programmer was around and very much alive. This is because the pointers he created inside his program had taken a life of their own and defy
every attempt to predict how the program should behave.
Memory management was also another weak point of C and C++. The programmer was
responsible for cleaning up the memory their program would allocate and use.
Failure to do so will result in a crash of the whole computer.

Multiple inheritence, though sparingly used, was
another feature of C++ which made a programmer’s life miserable. It, however,
had its use, especially in job interviews. This one question, they thought,
helped them separate the wheat from the chaff.

But C++ still had some nice and simple features, like inheritence, encapsulation, etc. They are something one can describe in plain english,
something one can explain to a layman. So the creator of java decided to take
the good features of inherience, encapsulation, and polymorphism from C++,
while discarding the bad features such as multiple inherience, pointers etc.
The memory management was
improved in java where the programmer will not be held responsible for memory management. They
can clean up after themselves if they want to get extra credit, but they do not
need to. Needless to say all these was great news to the tourists in Indonesia!

Java introduced lot of clarity in notations too. For example, in C++ they
would say class doctor:person to mean doctor is derived from person.
It is obviously very cryptic. The same situation can be expressed
in java as class doctor extends person , which is much easier to understand. But there are few awkward stuff in java too especially when someone
says class bum extends person (my last bum joke)!

Java made an important contribution in the graphical user interface (GUI) area.
C++ was really lacking in expertise here. They visual C++, but worked only on
windows environment. But it did not work in UNIX systems or mackintoshes. Just
like other features of java, this was also supposed to be platform independent.
This was further necessary because one can put some little GUI on a web page which can be views over the internet. And one cannot control what kind of computers other will have.

After a while, it was necessary to call programs from one computer to another
computer. To do this, they created J2EE. I am not sure how they came
up with the name J2EE. The ‘J’ of J2EE, of course, means “Java”, and I can be
reasonably sure ’2′ stands for ‘To’. But I do not know what the ‘EE’ part is all
about, probably some kind of extension.
Or at this point they ran out of names to think of. So they decided to
have one of those just another vague acronyms.

If you would like, you can also visit my home page.

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You can find latest handsets with multiple features which includes hi-fi music systems, high-resolution digital cameras, java games etc. The gaming feature of a mobile phone attracts many individuals irrespective of their age group.

No doubt, in addition to meeting our communication needs, mobile phones are also used to play all sorts of games. Originally, they have come up with most basic games, but due to the sustained effort made in the field of mobile phone technology, the java games have opened up the new world of gaming experience for most of us.

You would find the basic java games are strategy games which includes Mine sweeper, Reversi or Bejeweled. Every mobile phone manufacturer is packing up their games with Java or with any such programming environments. Whether it is ‘Tetris’ or a ‘Poker’, you will find most of the games supports java software. Nowadays, with a mere click of the mouse, you can download free java games for mobile from the on-line sites and can become a proud owner of that mobile game.

You can even find the java games with your favourite movie or TV shows and can become a part of the team of battle ‘Star Galacitia’ or the ‘mission impossible’. There is also the java game of ‘Miami Vice’.
Number of steps has been taken in the area of mobile programming. Today, you can find out java games to be enriched with a high level of Artificial Intelligence and graphic-laced interface. Nowadays, you can find out highly engrossing 3D games which has the ability to run a multi-player format as well.
With the advancement in the gaming technology, we can expect better java games in the near future.

By: Fletcher Mak

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Caffeinated Content – Members-Only Content for WordPress

After Shockwave, Java is the most popular tool for developing free online games. It is a popular programming language which was developed by James Gosling during the 1990s. It is somewhat related to C++ but is much more simple, and is an object oriented language. Java was developed because C++ was considered to be too complex and when using it there were many errors.

C++ also lacked the ability for distributed programming. Gosling and his colleagues wanted to produce a system that could be used on various platforms, from computer to handheld devices. By 1994 Java begin to be used on the internet. They felt that the internet would become interactive, and this would be the perfect environment to use their programming language. They were right. Java has become one of the most well known platforms in use today on the internet.

Many developers of free online games have quickly realized its potential. While Shockwave has replaced Java as the most popular engine used for online games, Java is still the tool of choice among many developers. Java became very popular when Netscape decided to support the program with their browsers. Most people use Java by the “applets” which are supported by their online browsers.

Yahoo has often been credited with heavily using Java to produce online games. Yahoo games is the portion of their website in which players can play games by themselves or against other players. While most of these games are Java applets, others have to be downloaded onto the computer. Reviews are even featured where users can post their thoughts about the quality of the game. Yahoo is one of the most prominent promoters of free online games. Everything from fantasy sports to card games are available.

Despite this, there are some criticisms of the Java programming language. Shockwave has a 3D engine which is much more powerful, and many developers have chose it rather than Java. Others complain that it is not a very pure object oriented programming language. Those who dislike object oriented languages will not design free online games with Java. Programs written in Java may also run slower than programs written in other languages.

Despite these complaints, Java has become one of the most popular languages used for developing independent games. Advances in this language should allow it to produce games which are much higher in quality and graphical detail. Many popular games can be played at the Java website.

By: Michael Colucci

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There are many programming languages available and each of them is suitable for another program or application. There are people who have learnt only a few programming languages and who use these because that is what they know, bust most of the times software programmers will use the programming language that is required by the application they are creating. Java is one of the most frequently used programming language and writing in this language is somehow different from the usual Pascal or any C/C++ version but that does not mean that learning the java code is harder than learning Pascal or C++. Nowadays there are numerous applications written in Java and its terminology it may seem a bit harder in the beginning but anyone can write in this programming language, that’s for sure.

When looking into a new programming language, most people would like to know if it is easy to learn and work in. If you compare it to C or C++, you may discover that indeed, using it can be more straight forward. This is due to the fact that Java has far fewer surprises compared to C versions. C and C++ make use of a lot of peculiarities so learning and mastering them all can be a daunting task (for example, temporary variables hang around long after the function that created them has terminated). Being more straight forward, Java is a bit easier to learn and to work with. Java eliminates explicit pointer dereferences and memory allocation/reclamation, for example, two of the most complicated sources of bugs for C and C++ programmers. Out of range subscripts are easy to find, as Java is able to do add array bounds checking. Others may argue that it seems easier to work with because there are very few examples of extremely complicated projects done using it, but the general accepted idea is that it is somehow easier to master than C or C++.

Learning Java programming is not very difficult, especially if you are familiar with other, more basic, programming languages and you know for sure what you want to create using it and it has a series of benefits compared to C and C++. First of all, code written in this programming language is portable. Code written in C and C++ is not and this makes Java more practical (for example, in C and C++, each implementation decides the precision and storage requirements for basic data types.

When you want to move from one system to another, this is a source of problems because changes in numeric precision can affect calculations). On the other hand, Java defines the size of basic types for all implementations (for example, an “int” on one system is the same size and it represents the same range of values as on every other given system). Find out more at http://www.whatiscomputerprogramming.com

The cases of programs that make use of floating point arithmetic requires a special attention: a program that uses floating point calculations can produce different answers on different systems (in this case, the degree of difference increases with the number of calculations a particular value goes through). But this is a thing specific to all floating point code, not only Java code which is also more portable then C or C++ in its object code. It compiles to an object code for a theoretical machine – in other words, the interpreter emulates that machine. This translates to the fact that code compiled on one computer will run on other computer machines that has a Java interpreter, but more on this subject you will find out while learning Java programming.

By: Dean Forster

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java programming

What is java virtual machine?

A Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is the software, which interprets compiled Java byte code and runs the java program. Java Virtual Machine language conceptually represents the instruction set of a stack-oriented, capability architecture. JAVA is a high-level object oriented language, which is compiled through JAVA code.

It first converted into highly efficient byte code by the java compiler and the generated byte code is then interpreted by a JVM. As Java is a platform independent language, JVM is available for almost all the platforms. It is for both windows to various handheld devices.

Let’s know how Java Virtual Machine works:

Java Virtual Machine does not have any information regarding the programming languages. JVM knows only binary byte code format. Programmer can generate the bytecode that adheres to this format in any of the programming languages. Every java program runs within the boundaries defined by the Java Virtual Machine. The code of java runs inside the JVM cannot go beyond the security constraints defined by Java Virtual Machine. Java applications are considered as secure applications on internet due to this software.

Java Virtual Machine languages support:

Java Virtual Machine (JVM) was primarily aimed at running compiled Java programs. However, later on other languages can now run on top of it as like Python with Jython, Common Lisp with Armed Bear Common Lisp, Ruby with JRuby, JavaScript with Rhino, Groovy, Scala and Forth, with Misty Beach Forth.The JVM is a crucial component of the Java Platform.

For more information about Java Virtual machine, enabled services then please consult The Java Community Process or JCP.

By: Mukesh Pandey

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